Chemistry Practice Problems Dipole Moment Practice Problems Solution: The HCl(g) molecule has a bond length of 127 pm an...

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# Solution: The HCl(g) molecule has a bond length of 127 pm and a dipole moment of 1.08 D.Without doing detailed calculations, determine the best estimate for its percent ionic character.

###### Problem

The HCl(g) molecule has a bond length of 127 pm and a dipole moment of 1.08 D.

Without doing detailed calculations, determine the best estimate for its percent ionic character.

###### Solution

In this problem, we are asked to determine the best estimate of the percent ionic character of the HCl(g) molecule.

Recall, that a dipole moment (µ) occurs any time there is a separation of positive and negative charge.

It is expressed mathematically:

$\overline{){\mathbf{µ}}{\mathbf{=}}{\mathbf{qr}}}$

Where: µ  (in Debye)  is the dipole moment, q  (1.6 x 10-19 C) is the charges, and r (in m) is the bond length.

The percent ionic character is the ratio between the bond's actual dipole moment to the dipole moment it would have if electrons were completely transferred from one atom to another, multiplied by 100%.

To solve this problem, let us assume that this molecule is completely ionic.

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